The Impact of Social Connection on Health

/in , /by

In today’s age of digital connectivity, where virtual communication thrives, an unexpected and concerning trend has emerged – the rise of social isolation and loneliness. Beyond the emotional toll, extensive studies spanning several decades have uncovered a profound impact on public health, highlighting the crucial role that social connections play in our overall well-being.

The Link Between Social Connection and Mortality

A wealth of evidence consistently demonstrates a clear link between social connection and mortality. Individuals with strong social ties tend to live longer, while social deficits, including isolation and loneliness, are associated with a higher risk of premature death. Recent estimates even suggest that the odds of survival increase by an impressive 50% with robust social connections, surpassing the impact of various well-known risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity.

Impact on Cardiovascular Health

The impact of social connection on physical health is particularly evident in the realm of cardiovascular diseases. Studies reveal that social isolation and loneliness significantly elevate the risk of heart disease and stroke. Poor social relationships are associated with a 29% increase in the risk of heart disease and a 32% increase in the risk of stroke. Recognizing these effects, the American Heart Association now acknowledges social isolation and loneliness as underrecognized determinants of cardiovascular health.

Heart failure patients reporting high levels of loneliness face an array of increased health risks, including higher rates of hospitalization, emergency department visits, and outpatient visits. Additionally, poor social connection is linked to a 55% greater risk of hospital readmission for heart failure patients, emphasizing the intricate link between social well-being and physical health.

Connection to Hypertension and Diabetes

Social support emerges as a critical factor in reducing the risk of high blood pressure, with greater support associated with a remarkable 36% lower risk of hypertension. This positive influence extends even to high-risk populations like Black Americans. Moreover, evidence suggests that social connection positively influences diabetes management, impacting self-care behaviors and overall health outcomes.

Infectious Diseases and Cognitive Function

Socially connected individuals exhibit stronger immune responses, providing a shield against infectious diseases. Loneliness and poor social support, on the other hand, have been linked to increased severity of illnesses caused by viruses like the common cold and flu. Additionally, chronic loneliness and social isolation are associated with accelerated cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia in older adults.

Depression and Anxiety

Social isolation and loneliness contribute significantly to the development and worsening of depression and anxiety. Individuals who frequently feel lonely face more than double the odds of developing depression. However, social connection serves as a protective factor, reducing the risk of depression even among those with a higher probability of developing the condition due to adverse life experiences.

In conclusion, the evidence presented underscores the critical role of social connection in individual health across various dimensions. As society grapples with an epidemic of loneliness and isolation, recognizing the profound impact of social connections on health becomes paramount. Investing in social infrastructure, fostering relationships, and prioritizing community engagement emerge as essential components of a comprehensive public health response. In building a healthier and more connected future, the power of human connection cannot be overstated.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

* In some instances this document is used as the primary source and in some instances this document is used as a secondary source from which information has been provided.

Image Source:

Recognizing Social Isolation and Loneliness in Yourself and Those Around You

/in , /by

In a world that has become increasingly interconnected digitally, rising social isolation and loneliness has become a pressing concern. As discussed in our last article on the topic of social isolation and loneliness, Dr. Vivek H. Murthy, the 19th and 21st Surgeon General of the United States, has been a vocal advocate for addressing these issues, emphasizing the profound impact they have on individual and societal health. As we navigate the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of identifying symptoms of social isolation and loneliness in ourselves and those around us has never been more critical.

Dr. Murthy’s insights reveal a stark reality – loneliness is not just a fleeting emotion but a public health concern with far-reaching consequences. Loneliness is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety, and premature death. Its effects are comparable to smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day and surpass those linked to obesity and physical inactivity. The consequences of a society lacking social connection are evident in diminished performance, productivity, and engagement in schools, workplaces, and civic organizations.

Glossary of Terms:

To comprehend the intricacies of social connection, it’s essential to be familiar with key terms such as belonging, collective efficacy, empathy, social capital, and social cohesion. These concepts form the foundation for understanding the dimensions of human connection and the potential risks associated with its absence. All terms were taken directly from the Department of Health and Human Services’ report on Social Isolation and Loneliness.

Belonging: A fundamental human need—the feeling of deep connection with social groups, physical places, and individual and collective experiences.

Collective Efficacy: The willingness of community members to act on behalf of the common good of the group or community. 

Empathy: The capability to understand and feel the emotional states of others, resulting in compassionate behavior.

Loneliness: A subjective distressing experience that results from perceived isolation or inadequate meaningful connections, where inadequate refers to the discrepancy or unmet need between an individual’s preferred and actual experience.

Social Isolation: Objectively having few social relationships, social roles, group memberships, and infrequent social interaction.

Social Capital: The resources to which individuals and groups have access through their social connections. The term social capital is often used as an umbrella for both social support and social cohesion.

Social Cohesion: The sense of solidarity within groups, marked by strong social connections and high levels of social participation, that generates trust, norms of reciprocity, and a sense of belonging.

*note: for a more detailed glossary of key terms please refer to the Department of Health and Human Services’ report on Social Isolation and Loneliness linked in the cited sources

:

Trends and Indicators:

Trends in community involvement, changes in social networks, and participation over time offer valuable insights into the state of social connection. Dr. Murthy’s advisory highlights the decline in social participation, particularly among young people, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in exacerbating these trends.

The COVID-19 pandemic acted as a magnifying glass on the issue of social isolation. It disrupted lives, postponed celebrations, and shifted education online, leaving many feeling lonely and isolated. Frontline workers, parents, and those at higher risk faced unique challenges, emphasizing the diverse impact of isolation.

Identifying Symptoms of Loneliness and Social Isolation:

1. Emotional Distress:

  • Anxiety and Stress: Persistent feelings of anxiety and stress, especially in social situations.
  • Depression: Prolonged periods of low mood, loss of interest in activities, and feelings of hopelessness.

2. Disruption in Daily Life:

  • Altered Routines: Sudden changes in daily habits, withdrawal from regular activities.
  • Decline in Productivity: Reduced engagement and performance at work or school.

3. Impact on Relationships:

  • Family Dynamics: Changes in familial connections, feeling distant or closer to family members.
  • Social Withdrawal: Avoidance of social interactions, including online communication.

4. Physical Health Changes:

  • Sleep Disturbances: Disrupted sleep patterns or chronic insomnia.
  • Weight Fluctuations: Unexplained weight loss or gain.

Support and Intervention:

Recognizing symptoms is the first step toward addressing social isolation and loneliness. Individuals experiencing these signs should consider reaching out to friends, family, or mental health professionals for support. Engaging in activities that foster social connections, whether through volunteering, joining clubs, or participating in community events, can be instrumental in breaking the cycle of isolation. In the next article we will discuss methods to support yourself and those around you.

Building a Connected Future:

As we emerge from the pandemic era, the lessons learned provide an opportunity to rebuild social connections intentionally. Prioritizing social infrastructure, engaging in community activities, and fostering relationships can contribute to a healthier and more connected society. At Sabre88, and more specifically within Sabre88, Discover65+, we are dedicated to sharing the growing concern of Social Isolation and Loneliness, specifically as it relates to the United State’s growing population of older adults.

In the words of Dr. Murthy, “Our future depends on what we do today.” Identifying and addressing symptoms of social isolation and loneliness is not just a personal responsibility but a collective endeavor to build a society where everyone feels seen, heard, and connected.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

* In some instances this document is used as the primary source and in some instances this document is used as a secondary source from which information has been provided.

Image Source:

https://www.cdc.gov/emotional-wellbeing/social-connectedness/loneliness.htm

About the 21st Surgeon General, Dr. Vivek Murthy, and his Mission to Combat Social Isolation and Loneliness

/in , /by

In 2014, Dr. Vivek H. Murthy assumed the role of the 19th Surgeon General of the United States, at this time he was unaware of the profound impact loneliness and social isolation could have on public health. However, a transformative listening tour across the nation revealed a stark reality: a significant portion of Americans felt isolated, invisible, and insignificant. This revelation led Dr. Murthy to redefine his approach to public health, recognizing the urgent need to address the epidemic of loneliness. Following his time as Surgeon General, Murthy co-chaired President-elect Joe Biden’s COVID-19 Advisory Board from November 2020 to January 2021, alongside former Food and Drug Administration commissioner David A. Kessler and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith. On December 7, President Biden announced Murthy would return to the role of U.S. surgeon general. In 2021 Murthy was re-appointed by the Senate and became the 21st Surgeon General. This time with his accumulated knowledge on loneliness and social isolation he was ready to make addressing it a priority.

The Scale of Loneliness:

Dr. Murthy’s observations were substantiated by scientific literature, indicating that approximately one in two adults in America reported experiencing loneliness even before the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the issue. Loneliness, far from just a negative emotion, is linked to severe health risks such as cardiovascular disease, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety, and premature death. The impact on mortality is comparable to smoking 15 cigarettes a day and even exceeds the risks associated with obesity and physical inactivity.

A Call to Action:

Realizing the societal and individual consequences of social disconnection, Dr. Murthy issued a Surgeon General’s Advisory, drawing attention to the urgent need for a collective response. He highlighted the necessity of prioritizing social connection in the same way as addressing tobacco use, obesity, and the addiction crisis. The advisory serves as a blueprint for building connected lives and a more united society.

Building a Movement:

Dr. Murthy’s call to action extends beyond individuals to encompass a diverse array of stakeholders, including families, schools, workplaces, healthcare and public health systems, technology companies, governments, faith organizations, and communities. The goal is to destigmatize loneliness and reshape cultural and policy responses to foster healthy relationships.

Individual Empowerment:

The advisory emphasizes the role of individuals in addressing loneliness. Dr. Murthy encourages everyone to take simple yet powerful steps in their lives, such as answering a friend’s phone call, sharing a meal, listening without distractions, performing acts of service, and expressing oneself authentically. These actions, he believes, are the keys to unlocking the healing power of human connection.

A Whole-of-Society Approach:

The Surgeon General’s Advisory is not just a public statement but a comprehensive guide for a national strategy. It explores the cultural, community, and societal dynamics that drive connection or disconnection. Recommendations extend to governments, healthcare systems, insurers, public health departments, research institutions, philanthropy, schools, workplaces, community-based organizations, technology companies, and the media.

Informed Decision-Making:

The advisory is grounded in decades of interdisciplinary research, drawing upon sociology, psychology, neuroscience, political science, economics, and public health. Dr. Murthy consulted with more than 50 experts across various sectors, incorporating their insights into a document that reflects a thorough review of scientific literature and aligns with recommendations from esteemed organizations such as the National Academies of Sciences, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Heart Association, and the World Health Organization.

Dr. Vivek Murthy’s advocacy against loneliness and social isolation marks a pivotal moment in public health discourse. His Surgeon General’s Advisory serves as a rallying cry for a united effort to mend the social fabric of the nation. By recognizing the healing effects of social connection and implementing the recommended strategies, individuals and communities can contribute to building a healthier, happier, and more resilient society. The responsibility lies with each of us, as our actions today shape the future of our collective well-being.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/priorities/connection/index.html
https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/priorities/index.html#:~:text=Vivek%20Murthy%2C%2021st%20U.S.%20Surgeon,on%20about%20our%20current%20priorities.&text=View%20more%20information%20about%20the,Surgeon%20General%20on%20the%20homepage.
https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

Saenz, Arlette; Zeleny, Jeff; Sullivan, Kate (December 7, 2020). “Biden nominates Dr. Vivek Murthy to reprise role as US surgeon general”. CNN. Retrieved March 24, 2021.

“Biden-Harris Transition Announces COVID-19 Advisory Board”. President-Elect Joe Biden. November 9, 2020. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved November 9, 2020.