The Impact of Social Connection on Health

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In today’s age of digital connectivity, where virtual communication thrives, an unexpected and concerning trend has emerged – the rise of social isolation and loneliness. Beyond the emotional toll, extensive studies spanning several decades have uncovered a profound impact on public health, highlighting the crucial role that social connections play in our overall well-being.

The Link Between Social Connection and Mortality

A wealth of evidence consistently demonstrates a clear link between social connection and mortality. Individuals with strong social ties tend to live longer, while social deficits, including isolation and loneliness, are associated with a higher risk of premature death. Recent estimates even suggest that the odds of survival increase by an impressive 50% with robust social connections, surpassing the impact of various well-known risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity.

Impact on Cardiovascular Health

The impact of social connection on physical health is particularly evident in the realm of cardiovascular diseases. Studies reveal that social isolation and loneliness significantly elevate the risk of heart disease and stroke. Poor social relationships are associated with a 29% increase in the risk of heart disease and a 32% increase in the risk of stroke. Recognizing these effects, the American Heart Association now acknowledges social isolation and loneliness as underrecognized determinants of cardiovascular health.

Heart failure patients reporting high levels of loneliness face an array of increased health risks, including higher rates of hospitalization, emergency department visits, and outpatient visits. Additionally, poor social connection is linked to a 55% greater risk of hospital readmission for heart failure patients, emphasizing the intricate link between social well-being and physical health.

Connection to Hypertension and Diabetes

Social support emerges as a critical factor in reducing the risk of high blood pressure, with greater support associated with a remarkable 36% lower risk of hypertension. This positive influence extends even to high-risk populations like Black Americans. Moreover, evidence suggests that social connection positively influences diabetes management, impacting self-care behaviors and overall health outcomes.

Infectious Diseases and Cognitive Function

Socially connected individuals exhibit stronger immune responses, providing a shield against infectious diseases. Loneliness and poor social support, on the other hand, have been linked to increased severity of illnesses caused by viruses like the common cold and flu. Additionally, chronic loneliness and social isolation are associated with accelerated cognitive decline and an increased risk of dementia in older adults.

Depression and Anxiety

Social isolation and loneliness contribute significantly to the development and worsening of depression and anxiety. Individuals who frequently feel lonely face more than double the odds of developing depression. However, social connection serves as a protective factor, reducing the risk of depression even among those with a higher probability of developing the condition due to adverse life experiences.

In conclusion, the evidence presented underscores the critical role of social connection in individual health across various dimensions. As society grapples with an epidemic of loneliness and isolation, recognizing the profound impact of social connections on health becomes paramount. Investing in social infrastructure, fostering relationships, and prioritizing community engagement emerge as essential components of a comprehensive public health response. In building a healthier and more connected future, the power of human connection cannot be overstated.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

* In some instances this document is used as the primary source and in some instances this document is used as a secondary source from which information has been provided.

Image Source:

Recognizing Social Isolation and Loneliness in Yourself and Those Around You

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In a world that has become increasingly interconnected digitally, rising social isolation and loneliness has become a pressing concern. As discussed in our last article on the topic of social isolation and loneliness, Dr. Vivek H. Murthy, the 19th and 21st Surgeon General of the United States, has been a vocal advocate for addressing these issues, emphasizing the profound impact they have on individual and societal health. As we navigate the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of identifying symptoms of social isolation and loneliness in ourselves and those around us has never been more critical.

Dr. Murthy’s insights reveal a stark reality – loneliness is not just a fleeting emotion but a public health concern with far-reaching consequences. Loneliness is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety, and premature death. Its effects are comparable to smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day and surpass those linked to obesity and physical inactivity. The consequences of a society lacking social connection are evident in diminished performance, productivity, and engagement in schools, workplaces, and civic organizations.

Glossary of Terms:

To comprehend the intricacies of social connection, it’s essential to be familiar with key terms such as belonging, collective efficacy, empathy, social capital, and social cohesion. These concepts form the foundation for understanding the dimensions of human connection and the potential risks associated with its absence. All terms were taken directly from the Department of Health and Human Services’ report on Social Isolation and Loneliness.

Belonging: A fundamental human need—the feeling of deep connection with social groups, physical places, and individual and collective experiences.

Collective Efficacy: The willingness of community members to act on behalf of the common good of the group or community. 

Empathy: The capability to understand and feel the emotional states of others, resulting in compassionate behavior.

Loneliness: A subjective distressing experience that results from perceived isolation or inadequate meaningful connections, where inadequate refers to the discrepancy or unmet need between an individual’s preferred and actual experience.

Social Isolation: Objectively having few social relationships, social roles, group memberships, and infrequent social interaction.

Social Capital: The resources to which individuals and groups have access through their social connections. The term social capital is often used as an umbrella for both social support and social cohesion.

Social Cohesion: The sense of solidarity within groups, marked by strong social connections and high levels of social participation, that generates trust, norms of reciprocity, and a sense of belonging.

*note: for a more detailed glossary of key terms please refer to the Department of Health and Human Services’ report on Social Isolation and Loneliness linked in the cited sources

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Trends and Indicators:

Trends in community involvement, changes in social networks, and participation over time offer valuable insights into the state of social connection. Dr. Murthy’s advisory highlights the decline in social participation, particularly among young people, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in exacerbating these trends.

The COVID-19 pandemic acted as a magnifying glass on the issue of social isolation. It disrupted lives, postponed celebrations, and shifted education online, leaving many feeling lonely and isolated. Frontline workers, parents, and those at higher risk faced unique challenges, emphasizing the diverse impact of isolation.

Identifying Symptoms of Loneliness and Social Isolation:

1. Emotional Distress:

  • Anxiety and Stress: Persistent feelings of anxiety and stress, especially in social situations.
  • Depression: Prolonged periods of low mood, loss of interest in activities, and feelings of hopelessness.

2. Disruption in Daily Life:

  • Altered Routines: Sudden changes in daily habits, withdrawal from regular activities.
  • Decline in Productivity: Reduced engagement and performance at work or school.

3. Impact on Relationships:

  • Family Dynamics: Changes in familial connections, feeling distant or closer to family members.
  • Social Withdrawal: Avoidance of social interactions, including online communication.

4. Physical Health Changes:

  • Sleep Disturbances: Disrupted sleep patterns or chronic insomnia.
  • Weight Fluctuations: Unexplained weight loss or gain.

Support and Intervention:

Recognizing symptoms is the first step toward addressing social isolation and loneliness. Individuals experiencing these signs should consider reaching out to friends, family, or mental health professionals for support. Engaging in activities that foster social connections, whether through volunteering, joining clubs, or participating in community events, can be instrumental in breaking the cycle of isolation. In the next article we will discuss methods to support yourself and those around you.

Building a Connected Future:

As we emerge from the pandemic era, the lessons learned provide an opportunity to rebuild social connections intentionally. Prioritizing social infrastructure, engaging in community activities, and fostering relationships can contribute to a healthier and more connected society. At Sabre88, and more specifically within Sabre88, Discover65+, we are dedicated to sharing the growing concern of Social Isolation and Loneliness, specifically as it relates to the United State’s growing population of older adults.

In the words of Dr. Murthy, “Our future depends on what we do today.” Identifying and addressing symptoms of social isolation and loneliness is not just a personal responsibility but a collective endeavor to build a society where everyone feels seen, heard, and connected.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

* In some instances this document is used as the primary source and in some instances this document is used as a secondary source from which information has been provided.

Image Source:

https://www.cdc.gov/emotional-wellbeing/social-connectedness/loneliness.htm

About the 21st Surgeon General, Dr. Vivek Murthy, and his Mission to Combat Social Isolation and Loneliness

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In 2014, Dr. Vivek H. Murthy assumed the role of the 19th Surgeon General of the United States, at this time he was unaware of the profound impact loneliness and social isolation could have on public health. However, a transformative listening tour across the nation revealed a stark reality: a significant portion of Americans felt isolated, invisible, and insignificant. This revelation led Dr. Murthy to redefine his approach to public health, recognizing the urgent need to address the epidemic of loneliness. Following his time as Surgeon General, Murthy co-chaired President-elect Joe Biden’s COVID-19 Advisory Board from November 2020 to January 2021, alongside former Food and Drug Administration commissioner David A. Kessler and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith. On December 7, President Biden announced Murthy would return to the role of U.S. surgeon general. In 2021 Murthy was re-appointed by the Senate and became the 21st Surgeon General. This time with his accumulated knowledge on loneliness and social isolation he was ready to make addressing it a priority.

The Scale of Loneliness:

Dr. Murthy’s observations were substantiated by scientific literature, indicating that approximately one in two adults in America reported experiencing loneliness even before the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the issue. Loneliness, far from just a negative emotion, is linked to severe health risks such as cardiovascular disease, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety, and premature death. The impact on mortality is comparable to smoking 15 cigarettes a day and even exceeds the risks associated with obesity and physical inactivity.

A Call to Action:

Realizing the societal and individual consequences of social disconnection, Dr. Murthy issued a Surgeon General’s Advisory, drawing attention to the urgent need for a collective response. He highlighted the necessity of prioritizing social connection in the same way as addressing tobacco use, obesity, and the addiction crisis. The advisory serves as a blueprint for building connected lives and a more united society.

Building a Movement:

Dr. Murthy’s call to action extends beyond individuals to encompass a diverse array of stakeholders, including families, schools, workplaces, healthcare and public health systems, technology companies, governments, faith organizations, and communities. The goal is to destigmatize loneliness and reshape cultural and policy responses to foster healthy relationships.

Individual Empowerment:

The advisory emphasizes the role of individuals in addressing loneliness. Dr. Murthy encourages everyone to take simple yet powerful steps in their lives, such as answering a friend’s phone call, sharing a meal, listening without distractions, performing acts of service, and expressing oneself authentically. These actions, he believes, are the keys to unlocking the healing power of human connection.

A Whole-of-Society Approach:

The Surgeon General’s Advisory is not just a public statement but a comprehensive guide for a national strategy. It explores the cultural, community, and societal dynamics that drive connection or disconnection. Recommendations extend to governments, healthcare systems, insurers, public health departments, research institutions, philanthropy, schools, workplaces, community-based organizations, technology companies, and the media.

Informed Decision-Making:

The advisory is grounded in decades of interdisciplinary research, drawing upon sociology, psychology, neuroscience, political science, economics, and public health. Dr. Murthy consulted with more than 50 experts across various sectors, incorporating their insights into a document that reflects a thorough review of scientific literature and aligns with recommendations from esteemed organizations such as the National Academies of Sciences, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American Heart Association, and the World Health Organization.

Dr. Vivek Murthy’s advocacy against loneliness and social isolation marks a pivotal moment in public health discourse. His Surgeon General’s Advisory serves as a rallying cry for a united effort to mend the social fabric of the nation. By recognizing the healing effects of social connection and implementing the recommended strategies, individuals and communities can contribute to building a healthier, happier, and more resilient society. The responsibility lies with each of us, as our actions today shape the future of our collective well-being.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/priorities/connection/index.html
https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/priorities/index.html#:~:text=Vivek%20Murthy%2C%2021st%20U.S.%20Surgeon,on%20about%20our%20current%20priorities.&text=View%20more%20information%20about%20the,Surgeon%20General%20on%20the%20homepage.
https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-general-social-connection-advisory.pdf

Saenz, Arlette; Zeleny, Jeff; Sullivan, Kate (December 7, 2020). “Biden nominates Dr. Vivek Murthy to reprise role as US surgeon general”. CNN. Retrieved March 24, 2021.

“Biden-Harris Transition Announces COVID-19 Advisory Board”. President-Elect Joe Biden. November 9, 2020. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved November 9, 2020.

Setting New Year’s Resolutions: 10 Strategies for Success

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As the calendar turns the page to a new year, many of us find ourselves reflecting on the past and contemplating ways to make the upcoming year even better. At Sabre88 we are constantly reflecting on the past to improve our workflow. With the upcoming year it is time to set New Year’s resolutions. New Year’s resolutions are a popular tradition, representing a fresh start and an opportunity for personal growth. However, the key lies not just in setting resolutions but in creating a plan that ensures success. Here are 10 steps to make your New Year’s resolution stick. 

1. Reflect on the Past: Before diving into choosing your new resolutions, take a moment to reflect on 2023r. Acknowledge your achievements and identify areas you want to improve. Reflecting on your experiences can provide valuable insights that guide your goals for 2024.

2. Specific and Realistic Goal-setting: Set clear, specific, and achievable goals. Instead of vague resolutions, define concrete objectives that are realistic and measurable. For example, rather than saying “exercise more,” set a goal like “exercise for 30 minutes three times a week.”

3. Prioritize Your Goals: It’s tempting to create a long list of resolutions, but it’s essential to prioritize. Identify the most significant goals that align with your values and long-term aspirations. Focusing on a few key priorities increases the likelihood of success.

4. Break It Down: Large goals can be overwhelming. Break them down into smaller, manageable tasks. Create a step-by-step plan that allows you to make progress incrementally. Celebrate small victories along the way to stay motivated.

5. Set a Timeline: Establish a realistic timeline for achieving your goals. It can be a monthly, quarterly, or yearly time frame, a schedule provides structure and helps you stay accountable. It is important to regularly review and adjust your timeline as needed.

6. Share Your Resolutions: Share your goals with friends, family, or a supportive community. Verbalizing your intentions makes them more real, and the encouragement from others can provide the motivation needed to stay on track.

7. Visualize Success: Visualize a mental image of yourself achieving your goals. Visualization is a powerful tool to reinforce your commitment and overcome challenges. Imagine the positive impact your success will have on you and those around you.

8. Be Flexible: The future is unpredictable, and circumstances may change. Be flexible and open to adjusting your goals if necessary. The ability to adapt ensures continued progress.

9. Track Your Progress: Keep a record of your achievements and setbacks. Regularly assess your progress, and use this information to refine your approach. Tracking your journey provides a sense of accomplishment and helps you stay accountable.

10. Celebrate Milestones: Celebrate your successes along the way. Whether it’s a small milestone or a significant achievement, take time to acknowledge your efforts. Rewarding yourself will reinforce positive behavior and motivate you to continue pursuing your resolution.

As you embark on the journey of setting and achieving New Year’s resolutions, remember that success is not only about the destination but also about the process. By incorporating these strategies into your goal-setting approach, you’ll increase your chances of turning your resolutions into lasting positive habits. At Sabre88 we are focused on creating systems of success to support our goals. Here’s to a year of growth, achievement, and realizing your fullest potential.

What is the National Institute on Aging?

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Almost 10,000 baby boomers turn 65 every day. The famed generation, defined as those born between 1946 and 1964, is causing something of a stir as they reach retirement age in droves. The Census Bureau says that in 2020, the U.S. population over the age of 65 was about 56 million (nearly 17% of the total population); by 2031, the U.S. population over the age of 65 will number an estimated 75 million, almost double what it was just in 2008. In the United States, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) stands at the forefront of research and initiatives aimed at understanding and addressing the challenges and opportunities associated with an aging society. So what is the NIA, and what is its mission, key research areas, and the impact it has on promoting healthy aging.

Mission and Purpose:

The National Institute on Aging, a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), seeks to study the nature of aging and the aging process, as well as diseases and problems linked with aging, in order to increase the number of healthy, active years of life.

Congress authorized the establishment of the NIA in 1974 to offer leadership in aging research, training, health information distribution, and other activities affecting the elderly. Following changes to this Act, the NIA was designated as the major Federal agency for Alzheimer’s disease research.

The Institute’s mission is to: ‘Support and conduct genetic, biological, clinical, behavioral, social, and economic research on aging. Foster the development of research and clinician scientists in aging. Provide research resources. And, disseminate information about aging and advances in research to the public, health care professionals, and the scientific community, among a variety of audiences.’

Key Research Areas:

1. Biological Aging:

   The NIA conducts extensive research into the biological processes associated with aging. This includes investigating cellular and molecular changes, genetics, and the role of the immune system in aging. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of aging is crucial for developing interventions that can promote healthier aging.

2. Neuroscience and Alzheimer’s Disease:

   The NIA supports research aimed at unraveling the complexities of brain aging, identifying risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, and developing interventions to prevent or treat cognitive decline. Cognitive decline, including Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia, is a significant concern for older adults.

3. Behavioral and Social Research:

   The NIA recognizes that aging is a multidimensional process influenced by both biological and psychosocial factors. Research in this area explores the impact of lifestyle, socio-economic status, and social relationships on aging outcomes. This holistic approach is essential for developing strategies to enhance the quality of life for older individuals.

4. Health Disparities in Aging:

   The NIA is committed to addressing health disparities in aging, recognizing that certain populations may face unique challenges related to healthcare access, social determinants, and cultural factors. Research in this area aims to identify and eliminate barriers to equitable health outcomes for older adults.

Impact on Healthy Aging:

The NIA’s research initiatives have made strides for promoting healthy aging and improving the quality of life for older Americans. By fostering a comprehensive understanding of aging processes and age-related diseases, the NIA contributes to the development of interventions and strategies that empower individuals to age successfully.

In addition to its research, the NIA provides valuable resources, and grants for the public, healthcare professionals, and researchers. These resources include information on healthy aging, caregiver support, and educational materials that contribute to a greater awareness of aging-related issues.

As the United States and the world continue to grapple with the challenges and opportunities presented by an aging population, the National Institute on Aging remains a beacon of knowledge and innovation. The NIA plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of healthcare and ensuring that older adults can age with dignity, health, and resilience.

Cited Sources: 

https://www.nia.nih.gov/about/mission
https://www.nia.nih.gov/about/nia-and-national-plan-address-alzheimers-disease
https://www.nia.nih.gov/sites/default/files/2022-05/nia-research-comes-of-age.pdf

U.S. Federal Agencies at the Innovating with AI

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Executive Order 13960, is accelerating its adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI). From the website of the department of homeland security on their AI Use Case Inventory page, ‘Pursuant to Executive Order 13960 Promoting the Use of Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in the Federal Government, Federal agencies are required to create and make publicly available an inventory of non-classified and non-sensitive Artificial Intelligence (AI) use cases, to the extent practicable and in accordance with applicable law and policy’. Relating to the previous quote, this one from the AI.gov website’s homepage, ‘The federal government is leveraging AI to better serve the public across a wide array of use cases, including in healthcare, transportation, the environment, and benefits delivery. The federal government is also establishing strong guardrails to ensure its use of AI keeps people safe and doesn’t violate their rights’. This blog post showcases how various federal agencies are harnessing AI to better serve the public and uphold safety and rights, in accordance with established guardrails.

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has been a pioneer in AI usage:

FDA Emerging Chemical Hazard Intelligence Platform (ECHIP) and Warp Intelligent Learning EnginE (WILEE)

The FDA, under HHS, is leveraging AI to enhance its capacity to respond to emerging chemical hazards. By employing horizon-scanning applications and intelligent knowledge discovery platforms, ECHIP and WILEE are used to identify, aggregate, and map information related to consumed foods, ingredients, and food chemicals. The outcome is a proactive tool that accelerates decision-making, prioritizes hazards, and mitigates risks to consumers.

HRSA Electronic Handbooks (EHB) AI Chatbot

To address the overwhelming volume of customer support calls, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) has deployed an AI Chatbot within the Electronic Handbooks EHB system. This self-service platform, powered by the Artificial Solutions Teneo platform, resolves 90% of incoming inquiries without human intervention, allowing customer support staff to focus on more complex issues.

The General Services Administration (GSA) uses AI to expedite the Federal government’s acquisition process:

Solicitation Review Tool (SRT)

The GSA utilizes the SRT, integrating SAM.gov data for Information and Communications Technology (ICT) solicitations. By employing Natural Language Processing (NLP) models, the system determines compliance language within solicitations, streamlining the review process and enhancing accuracy.

Contract Acquisition Lifecycle Intelligence (CALI)

CALI is an automated machine learning evaluation tool. It supports the Source Selection process. Streamlining the evaluation of vendor proposals, CALI analyzes format compliance, forms validation, reps & certs compliance, and requirements compliance. This tool is a testament to the GSA’s commitment to efficiency and effectiveness.

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) uses A.I for more than just advancements in space:

Deep Learning-based Hurricane Intensity Estimator

NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center has developed a web-based situational awareness tool using deep learning on satellite images to objectively estimate hurricane wind speed. This tool provides critical information for disaster preparedness and response.

Europa Ice Floe Detection (GSFC Planetary Sciences Lab)

Machine learning applied to Galileo space probe imagery enables the detection and classification of ice blocks in the chaos regions of Jupiter’s moon Europa. This project demonstrates the versatility of AI in space exploration and planetary science.

The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) protects the nation’s digital and physical borders with the AI assistance:

RelativityOne

DHS employs RelativityOne, a document review platform utilizing machine learning, clustering, and continuous active learning to gain efficiencies in document review in litigation and FOIA requests.

Touchless PreCheck Identity Solution

TSA, under DHS, utilizes facial comparison technology to verify passengers’ identities at security checkpoints, expediting the screening process while maintaining a high level of security.

Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) Alerting Models

CISA employs machine learning in threat hunting and Security Operations Center (SOC) activities, allowing analysts to comb through vast amounts of log data with mathematically and probabilistically based models.

The Department of Transportation (DOT) uses AI to optimize aircraft safety systems, and may use ChatGPT in the future as a chat-bot to enhance public sentiment around pipeline construction:

JASC Code classification in Safety Difficulty Reports (SDR)

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), under DOT, collaborates with George Mason University to apply Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning to predict Joint Aircraft System Codes (JASC) from safety difficulty reports (SDR), enhancing safety event reporting.

PHMSA Rule Making using ChatGPT

The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) utilizes ChatGPT in rulemaking processes to provide sentiment analysis, relevance analysis, synopsis creation, cataloging of comments, and identification of duplicate comments. This AI-powered initiative aims to enhance efficiency and scale efforts during public scrutiny.

The Untapped Potential

In the midst of this AI revolution within federal agencies, the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are yet to fully integrate AI into their workflows. This void presents a golden opportunity for future entrepreneurs within and outside the government. By infusing AI into the operations of these agencies, entrepreneurs have the potential to revolutionize small business support, scientific research, and innovation.

The United States Federal Government’s commitment to using AI in its operations is evident across many agencies. As these initiatives unfold, they not only exemplify the transformative power of AI but also underline the government’s dedication to innovation, efficiency, and public service. At Sabre88 we believe with responsible use and continued advancements, AI is set to become an integral part of how the government fulfills its mission to the public.

Cited Sources:

https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/hhs-artificial-intelligence-select-use-cases.pdf
https://tech.gsa.gov/ai-inventory/
https://www.nasa.gov/ai-inventory/
https://www.dhs.gov/data/AI_inventory
https://data.transportation.gov/Administrative/Department-of-Transportation-Inventory-of-Artifici/anj8-k6f5
https://www.sba.gov/about-sba/open-government/ai-inventory#:~:text=Executive%20Order%20%28EO%29%2013960%2C%20Promoting%20the%20Use%20of,We%20did%20not%20identify%20any%20AI%20use%20cases
https://www.nsf.gov/data/AI_Inventory/

Photo Credit:

https://www.ccrhb.od.nih.gov/

Advancing Responsible AI: Understanding the Biden Administration’s Executive Order on AI

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On October 30th, the Biden Administration released a significant Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence. This order underscores the importance of governing AI development and utilization safely and responsibly. In this blog, we will delve into the key aspects of this Executive Order and its implications for AI development and deployment in the United States.

1. Prioritizing Safety and Security

The administration recognizes the rapid advancements in AI capabilities and the need for the United States to lead in shaping the responsible development and deployment of AI. The order emphasizes the potential benefits of AI in solving pressing challenges while acknowledging that irresponsible AI use can lead to societal harms such as fraud, discrimination, bias, and disinformation. To address these challenges, a coordinated, government-wide approach is required, involving various stakeholders, including government, private sector, academia, and civil society.

2. Guiding Principles and Priorities

The Executive Order outlines eight guiding principles and priorities that shape the administration’s AI policy:

  1. Safe and Secure AI: Ensuring AI systems are safe and secure, with a focus on addressing security risks in areas like biotechnology, cybersecurity, and critical infrastructure.
  2. Testing and Evaluation: Implementing testing and post-deployment performance monitoring to ensure ethical and secure AI systems that comply with Federal laws and policies.
  3. Responsible Innovation: Promoting responsible innovation, competition, and collaboration to lead in AI development and solve societal challenges.
  4. Workforce Development: Supporting programs to provide Americans with AI skills and attract global AI talent to contribute to American innovation.
  5. Promoting a Fair Ecosystem: Fostering a fair, open, and competitive marketplace for AI, including measures to address unlawful collusion and dominant firms’ use of key assets.
  6. Supporting American Workers: Ensuring that AI development creates opportunities and benefits for all workers, with a commitment to job training and education.
  7.  Equity and Civil Rights: Advancing equity and civil rights by preventing AI from exacerbating existing inequities and discrimination.
  8. Consumer Protection and Privacy: Enforcing consumer protection laws and safeguarding privacy and civil liberties as AI continues to advance.

3. Government Action

The Executive Order specifies several actions to be taken within certain timeframes, among them here are seven of the most relevant:

  1. Guidelines and Best Practices: Within 270 days, the Secretary of Commerce, in coordination with other relevant agencies, will establish guidelines and best practices for safe, secure, and trustworthy AI system development.
  2. AI Red-Teaming: Guidelines for AI red-teaming tests will be established to evaluate AI systems’ safety and security, particularly dual-use foundation models.
  3. Cyber Defense: The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security will report on actions taken to develop and deploy AI capabilities effectively for cyber defense, including identifying vulnerabilities and lessons learned.
  4. Critical Infrastructure Assessment: Agencies with regulatory authority over critical infrastructure will evaluate potential AI-related risks and ways to mitigate vulnerabilities, with a focus on cross-sector risks.
  5. Financial Institutions: The Secretary of the Treasury will issue a public report on best practices for managing AI-specific cybersecurity risks in financial institutions.
  6. AI Risk Management Framework: The Secretary of Homeland Security, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, will incorporate the AI Risk Management Framework and relevant security guidance into safety and security guidelines for critical infrastructure.
  7. Mandating Guidelines: Following the completion of guidelines, the Federal Government will work to mandate them through regulatory or other appropriate action.

4. Global Leadership

The Executive Order emphasizes the importance of engaging with international allies and partners to develop a global framework for managing AI risks, unlocking its potential for good, and promoting common approaches to shared challenges. The Federal Government will lead in global conversations and collaborations to ensure that AI benefits the world and does not exacerbate inequities or threaten human rights.

The Biden Administration’s Executive Order on AI reflects a comprehensive and proactive approach to addressing the challenges and opportunities presented by artificial intelligence. By prioritizing safety, security, and responsible development, the administration seeks to ensure that AI benefits society while minimizing risks. It also places significant emphasis on equity, privacy, and global leadership, underlining the United States’ commitment to shaping AI’s future in a responsible and inclusive manner. As the implementation of these policies unfolds, the U.S. moves closer to realizing the full potential of AI while protecting the interests and rights of us the citizens.At Sabre88 we have taken an interest in the future of AI and what it will do for the United States of America.

*As defined by the White House, The term “artificial intelligence” or “AI” has the meaning set forth in 15 U.S.C. 9401(3):  a machine-based system that can, for a given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, recommendations, or decisions influencing real or virtual environments.  Artificial intelligence systems use machine- and human-based inputs to perceive real and virtual environments; abstract such perceptions into models through analysis in an automated manner; and use model inference to formulate options for information or action.

Cited Sources: 

https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/

10 Government Employee Themed Halloween Costume Ideas 

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Do you have your Halloween Costume planned out? For those in a pinch, here are ten fun federal employee Halloween costume ideas you can make your own. From space explorers to the defenders of justice and the pillars of our democracy, these costumes are sure to make a statement at your while out collecting candy. 

For those who dream of the great beyond, and what’s out there. Astronauts are always a popular costume for adults and kids alike. Look out, Buzz Aldrin, because few things are cuter than a little space traveler asking for candy. Perhaps there’s a lesson there for NASA executives seeking funding from Congress. 

  1. NASA Astronaut 
  1. Military Service Member 
  1. Army 
  1. Navy 
  1. Marine 
  1. Coast Guard 
  1. Air Force 
  1. Police Officer 
  1. Secret Agent 
  1. Secret Service 
  1. FBI 
  1. CIA 
  1. Transportation Security Agent 
  1. Park Ranger 
  1. United States Postal Worker 
  1. Government Official 
  1. Judge 
  1. School Teacher   

California Legislation Continues to Lead the Way in Climate Change: Governor Signs Historic Emissions Reporting Bill

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Sabre88 notes California’s decision to enact its recent emissions reporting bill last Saturday. California has long been at the forefront of the battle against climate change. The state’s commitment to environmental conservation, renewable energy, and sustainable practices has consistently set the bar for the rest of the United States. This commitment was further solidified when Gov. Gavin Newsom recently signed the new emissions reporting bill into law (SB 253), demonstrating California’s dedication to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and holding businesses accountable for their contributions to climate change.

The Importance of Emissions Reporting

Emissions reporting is a crucial tool in addressing climate change. It allows governments, businesses, and the public to understand the sources of greenhouse gas emissions and develop strategies to mitigate them. This specific emissions bill requires companies doing business in California with more than $1 billion in revenue to report direct emissions from operations and indirect emissions from energy use starting in 2026. As well as reporting on emissions from a company’s supply chain and other sources outside its direct control which would start in 2027. By requiring detailed emissions reporting, California is taking a significant step toward a more transparent, accountable, and sustainable future. Here are some of the key reasons why this legislation is so important:

1. Data-Driven Decision-Making: Accurate and comprehensive emissions data are essential for informed decision-making. Government agencies, researchers, and businesses can use this data to develop targeted strategies to reduce emissions and combat climate change effectively.

2. Accountability: The legislation holds businesses accountable for their emissions. When emissions data is publicly available, businesses are more likely to take responsibility for their environmental impact, leading to more sustainable practices.

3. National Leadership: As the world grapples with the urgent need to address climate change, California’s commitment to emissions reporting sets a powerful example for other states. It demonstrates that ambitious climate action is not only possible but necessary.

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California’s Continues to Lead in the Fight Against Climate Change

California’s dedication to combating climate change extends beyond this historic emissions reporting bill. The state has a rich history of taking action to reduce emissions, promote clean energy, and protect the environment. Notable achievements include:

1. Renewable Energy: California has consistently promoted renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. The state aims to achieve 100% clean energy by 2045, making it a global pioneer in the transition to green energy.

2. Clean Transportation: California has been a leader in the development and adoption of electric vehicles and has set ambitious targets for reducing emissions from the transportation sector.

Seventeen states already have requirements that major emitters disclose their direct emissions, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. But the new California mandates will make companies report direct and indirect emissions. California’s new emissions reporting bill represents another significant milestone in the state’s ongoing battle against climate change. By expanding reporting requirements, increasing transparency, and holding businesses accountable, California is setting a powerful example for the rest of the world. As we confront the urgent challenges posed by climate change, the actions of states like California are crucial in shaping a sustainable and resilient future for all.  Sabre88 internally reviews it own practices regarding climate change and understands California’s decision to enact their recent emissions reporting bill. California continues to be a leader in climate change legislation, and the signing of this historic bill further solidifies its commitment to a cleaner, greener, and more sustainable future.

Cited Sources

https://news.bloomberglaw.com/in-house-counsel/california-climate-bills-to-boost-efforts-in-n-y-other-states
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/gov-newsom-signs-new-law-requiring-big-companies-in-california-to-disclose-emissions

What is the EPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency)?

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The United States Environmental Protection Agency, commonly known as the EPA, is a pivotal federal agency tasked with safeguarding the nation’s environment and public health. Established in 1970, the EPA has played a crucial role in addressing environmental challenges, shaping environmental policy, and enforcing regulations to protect our air, water, land, and overall quality of life.

The roots of the EPA can be traced back to a growing environmental consciousness in the 1960s. A series of environmental disasters, including the 1969 Cuyahoga River fire and the publication of Rachel Carson’s “Silent Spring,” spurred public awareness and political action. In response to these concerns, President Richard Nixon signed an executive reorganization plan on December 2, 1970, creating the EPA.

The EPA’s mission is to protect human health and the environment. The EPA’s first Administrator, William D. Ruckelshaus was appointed by President Nixon when the agency was established. He compiled an astonishing list of accomplishments in his tenure. Among his long list of accomplishments, Ruckelshaus was responsible for: banning the dangerous pesticide DDT, setting the first air quality standards to protect public health under the fledgling Clean Air Act, and creating clean-water-permit requirements for cities and industries.

Key Responsibilities and Achievements

1. Clean Air and Water Act: One of the EPA’s earliest and most significant accomplishments was the passage of the Clean Air Act (1970) and the Clean Water Act (1972). These landmark legislations empowered the EPA to regulate air and water pollution, setting standards for emissions and water quality that have greatly improved the nation’s environmental health.

2. Superfund Program: The EPA established the Superfund Program in 1980, providing the agency with the authority to clean up hazardous waste sites across the United States. The program has since addressed thousands of contaminated sites, protecting communities and the environment from toxic pollutants.

3. Regulatory Milestones: Over the years, the EPA has implemented numerous regulations that have significantly improved environmental quality, such as vehicle emissions standards, lead reduction programs, and efforts to combat ozone depletion.

4. Environmental Justice: The EPA has also been committed to addressing environmental injustices, ensuring that all communities, regardless of their socioeconomic status, are protected from environmental hazards. This includes addressing disparities in air and water quality that disproportionately affect marginalized communities.

5. Climate Change Mitigation: As the effects of climate change have become more pronounced, the EPA has played a vital role in regulating greenhouse gas emissions and promoting efforts to combat climate change.

While the EPA has made remarkable progress over the decades, it faces ongoing challenges, including the need to adapt to evolving environmental threats, such as emerging contaminants and climate change impacts. The agency continues to work towards strengthening environmental regulations, enhancing public participation, and fostering international cooperation to address global environmental challenges.

In recent years, the EPA has renewed its focus on science-based decision-making, transparent regulatory processes, and cross-sector collaboration to tackle complex environmental issues.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency stands as a beacon of hope and responsibility amidst on-going climate change. Since its establishment over half a century ago, the EPA’s dedication to its mission has not only benefited the United States but has also inspired and influenced environmental protection efforts worldwide. As we continue to face environmental challenges in the 21st century, the EPA remains an essential force for a more sustainable future.

Cited Sources:

https://www.epa.gov/history/bill-ruckelshaus-1932-2019
https://epa.gov/aboutepa/our-mission-and-what-we-do
https://www.epa.gov/history/origins-epa
https://www.epa.gov/history/epa-history-documents-about-agency-accomplishments